The province is the largest in Iran, with an area of 181,785 km² and a population of 2.4 million. The counties of the province are Chabahar, Qasar-qand, Dalgan, Hirmand, Iranshahr, Khash, Konarak, Nikshahr, Saravan, Sarbaz, Soran, Zabol, Zaboli, Zahedan and Zehak.
The population comprises the Baluch who form a majority in the province, followed by the second largest, the Sistani Persians. Smaller communities of Kurds (in the eastern highlands and near Iranshahr, Pashtuns (in Sistan regions of north), the Brahui (on the borders between Iran and Pakistan, and other resident and itinerant ethnic groups such as the Gypsies are also found in the province.
The province comprises two sections, Sistan in the north and Baluchestan in the south. The combined Sistan and Baluchestan province today accounts for one of the driest regions of Iran with a slight increase in rainfall from east to west, and an obvious rise in humidity in the coastal regions.
In the epigraphs of Bistoon and Persepolis, Sistan is mentioned as one of the eastern territories of Darius the Great. The name Sistan, as mentioned above, is derived from Saka (also sometimes Saga, or Sagastan), one of the Aryan tribes that had taken control over this area in the year 128 BCE. During the Arsacid Dynasty (248 BC to 224 CE), the province became the seat of Suren-Pahlav Clan. In 916 CE, Baluchestan was ruled by the Daylamids and thereafter the Seljuqids, when it became a part of Kerman. Dynasties such as the Saffarids, Samanids, Qaznavids, and Seljuqids, also ruled over this territory.
Today, efforts have been done and tax, customs and financial motivations have caused more industrial investment, new projects, new producing jobs and improvement of industry. The province has important geological and metal mineral potentials such as: Chrome, copper, granite, antimony, talc, manganese, iron, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, platinum, gold & silver.
Beautiful sights of province from the Oman sea to Lake Hamun have an interesting diversity in different seasons and can be of tourists interest.
Among the tourist attractions are: Great ancient civilization of the Burnt City(1000 years ….), Dahan-ey Gholaman and Chah Nime parks in the north, the famous Taftan Peak and Haftad Molla Cemetery in the center, Bampoor, chehel dokhtar and naseri Castles in Iranshahr and Seb Castle in Saravan.
In the town of Chabahar there are beautiful coasts of Oman Sea, Mud flows which are wonders of the area and spread mud like lava in different seasons and the tomb of Seyed Gholam Rasoul from Teimouri era.
Climate : Warm
OldName : Zaranga ، Seka
Area : 187502
Population : 2534327